安(ān)科(kē)瑞 陳聰(cōng)

摘 要：介(jiè)紹了開(kāi)口式電流互(hù)感器(qì)在(zài)改(gǎi)造(zào)項目中的(dí)應用，以及(jí)帶開關(guān)量的開口式(shì)電流(liú)互感器(qì)的(dí)作用，和(hé)常規(guī)開口(kǒu)互感(gǎn)器對比的優(yōu)勢，並結(jié)合(hé)工程(chéng)實(shí)例分析(xī)。

  Abstract：Introduces the application of open type current transformer in the renovation project, as well as the role of open type current transformer with switching quantity, and the advantages of comparison with conventional open type current transformer, and analyzes with engineering examples.

  關(guān)鍵(jiàn)詞 低(dī)壓配(pèi)電係(xì)統 開(kāi)關量(liáng) 開口(kǒu)式 電流(liú)互感器 防竊(qiè)電 工作原(yuán)理

  Keywords low voltage distribution system, switching, open type current transformer, anti-theft, working principle

  1.引言 Introduction

  隨(suí)著我(wǒ)國(guó)電力(lì)工業中(zhōng)城(chéng)網及(jí)農網(wǎng)的(dí)改(gǎi)造，以(yǐ)及低壓配(pèi)電係(xì)統(tǒng)的自(zì)動化程度(dù)不斷提高，開(kāi)口式(shì)電流互感器作為低壓配(pèi)電(diàn)係統中的(dí)一種(zhǒng)重要(yào)電(diàn)氣元件，在(zài)電(diàn)網改(gǎi)造中(zhōng)的(dí)作用(yòng)越(yuè)來(lái)越明顯(xiǎn)，已(yǐ)被(bèi)廣泛地應用於測量，計(jì)量，繼電(diàn)保護，係(xì)統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)，接地保護和(hé)各(gè)種電(diàn)力(lì)係統分(fēn)析之(zhī)中(zhōng)。

  With the transformation of urban and agricultural networks in China's power industry and the increasing automation of low-voltage distribution systems, open type current transformers, as an important electrical component in low-voltage distribution systems, have become more and more obvious in the transformation of power grids and have been widely used in measurement, metering, relay protection, system monitoring, grounding protection and various power system analysis.

  但(dàn)是，目(mù)前(qián)市(shì)場上的(dí)開口式(shì)低壓(yā)互(hù)感(gǎn)器在安裝的(dí)時(shí)候(hòu)可(kě)能(néng)會(huì)出(chū)現卡扣沒(méi)卡緊(jǐn)導致鐵(tiě)芯(xīn)沒有*閉(bì)合；或(huò)者(zhě)在(zài)運(yùn)行過程(chéng)中(zhōng)，互感(gǎn)器外殼(ké)受到很(hěn)大應力作(zuò)用，外殼(ké)鉸鏈斷裂(liè)，導致上(shàng)下鐵(tiě)芯不(bù)閉合，影響互感(gǎn)器(qì)精度或(huò)者沒(méi)有(yǒu)電(diàn)流輸出。帶開(kāi)關(guān)量(liáng)的開口(kǒu)式電(diàn)流(liú)互(hù)感(gǎn)器(qì)能夠有(yǒu)助於(yú)向儀(yí)表或(huò)者後(hòu)台反饋上(shàng)述情況，在電(diàn)力監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目(mù)上(shàng)有廣(guǎng)闊(kuò)的(dí)運用(yòng)前(qián)景(jǐng)。

  However, the open type low-voltage transformers on the market at present may be installed with snaps that are not tightened to cause the core to be not completely closed; or during operation, the transformer shell is subjected to great stress and the shell hinge breaks, resulting in the upper and lower cores not being closed, affecting the accuracy of the transformer or no current output. The open type current transformer with switch can effectively feedback the above situation to the instrument or the background, and has a broad application prospect in power monitoring projects.

  2.電(diàn)流(liú)互(hù)感(gǎn)器工作(zuò)原(yuán)理 Working principle of current transformer

  開口(kǒu)低(dī)壓(yā)電流(liú)互感(gǎn)器(qì)的工(gōng)作(zuò)原理(lǐ)如(rú)圖(tú)1所示，開口(kǒu)電流互感(gǎn)器(qì)的(dí)一次繞(rào)組串聯在(zài)被測綫路中，I1為綫路電(diàn)流即電流(liú)互(hù)感(gǎn)器的一(yī)次(cì)電流，N1為(wéi)電流互感器(qì)的一(yī)次(cì)匝數，I2電流(liú)互感(gǎn)器二(èr)次電流，N2為電(diàn)流互(hù)感器的二(èr)次(cì)匝(zā)數(shù)，Z2e為(wéi)二(èr)次(cì)回(huí)路設備(bèi)及連(lián)接(jiē)導(dǎo)綫阻(zǔ)抗(kàng)。當(dāng)一次電流從電(diàn)流(liú)互(hù)感器P1端(duān)流進(jìn)，P2端出(chū)，在(zài)二次Z2e接通(tōng)的(dí)情況下(xià)，由(yóu)電(diàn)磁感(gǎn)應原(yuán)理，電(diàn)流互感器(qì)二次繞(rào)組有電流I2從S1流(liú)過，經Z2e至(zhì)S2，形(xíng)成閉(bì)合回路。由此可(kě)得電(diàn)流在理(lǐ)想(xiǎng)狀態下(xià)I1×N1=I2×N2，

  所以有I1/I2=N1/N2=K，K為(wéi)電(diàn)流(liú)互感器的變比(bǐ)。但是由於開

  口(kǒu)式電(diàn)流(liú)互感(gǎn)器(qì)的鐵芯切(qiē)開後，使鐵芯(xīn)的性(xìng)能(néng)下將(jiāng)的(dí)比較厲(lì)害，所以(yǐ)要將互感器的鐵芯截麵(miàn)積加大(dà)，而且提高安匝數，將I1×N1=I2×N2≥100AN。

  The working principle of the open-ended low-voltage current transformer is shown in Figure 1. The primary winding of the open-ended current transformer is connected in series with the line under test, I1 is the line current, that is, the primary current of the current transformer, and N1 is the primary turns of the current transformer. I2 is the secondary current of the current transformer, N2 is the secondary turns of the current transformer, and Z2e is the impedance of the secondary circuit equipment and connecting wires. When the primary current flows in from the P1 end of the current transformer, and the P2 end goes out, in the case that the secondary Z2e is turned on, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the secondary winding of the current transformer has a current I2 flowing from S1, through Z2e to S2, form a closed loop. It can be obtained that the current is I1×N1=I2×N2 in the ideal state, so there is I1/I2=N1/N2=K, and K is the transformation ratio of the current transformer. However, after the iron core of the open current transformer is cut, the performance of the iron core will be worse, so the cross-sectional area of the iron core of the transformer must be increased, and the number of ampere turns must be increased, and I1×N1=I2 ×N2≥100AN.

  另(lìng)外，該(gāi)互感(gǎn)器上(shàng)的(dí)開(kāi)關(guān)量開關(guān)，當互(hù)感器(qì)卡(qiǎ)扣沒卡(qiǎ)好或(huò)是互感器老化導致殼(ké)體(tǐ)破(pò)裂(liè)，開(kāi)關(guān)按(àn)鈕(niǔ)彈起(qǐ)，常閉變(biàn)常開，信(xìn)號終止(zhǐ)傳(chuán)輸(shū)，互(hù)感(gǎn)器無信號輸(shū)出；當(dāng)互感器卡扣正常是，開關(guān)狀(zhuàng)態(tài)為(wéi)常閉(bì)，互(hù)感器(qì)正常工作(zuò)。

  In addition, the transformer on the switch, when the transformer snap did not card or the transformer aging caused by the rupture of the shell, the switch button pops up, normally closed to normally open, the signal termination transmission, the transformer no signal output; when the transformer snap is normal, the switch state is normally closed, the transformer works normally.

  3.開口式電流互(hù)感(gǎn)器Open type current transformer

  開(kāi)口式(shì)電流(liú)互(hù)感(gǎn)器主要應用(yòng)於工業(yè)中(zhōng)城網(wǎng)，農網(wǎng)改(gǎi)造項(xiàng)目。特點(diǎn)是安裝(zhuāng)方便，無需拆除一(yī)次母(mǔ)綫(xiàn)，亦可帶電(diàn)操作。但是，目(mù)前市場(cháng)上(shàng)的低(dī)壓開(kāi)口(kǒu)式(shì)互感器存在以下(xià)缺點：

  Open type current transformers are mainly used in industrial city network and agricultural network renovation projects. Features are easy to install, no need to remove the primary busbar, and can also be operated with electricity. However, the current low-voltage open type transformers on the market have the following drawbacks.

  （1）市(shì)場(cháng)上的(dí)開(kāi)口式電流(liú)互(hù)感器在(zài)安(ān)裝的(dí)時(shí)候(hòu)可(kě)能會出現(xiàn)卡(qiǎ)扣沒卡(qiǎ)緊或(huò)是鐵芯沒(méi)有閉合，在運行過(guò)程中(zhōng)會(huì)出(chū)現(xiàn)互感器(qì)脫(tuō)落(là)或(huò)者斷(duàn)開的風險(xiǎn)；

  (1) Open type current transformer on the market may not be installed when the clasp is not tight or the core is not closed, the risk of the transformer falling off or disconnected during operation.

  （2）開(kāi)口式(shì)電(diàn)流(liú)互感(gǎn)器(qì)在(zài)安裝後(hòu)如果(guǒ)被(bèi)人為二(èr)次打開(kāi)後，會(huì)出(chū)現無信(xìn)號等(děng)問(wèn)題(tí)。

  針對上述不足(zú)，AKH-0.66/K-SW係列(liè)電(diàn)流互(hù)感(gǎn)器，可以(yǐ)解(jiě)決上述問題。此(cǐ)互(hù)感器外形(xíng)美觀，安裝維(wéi)護方便(biàn)簡潔。如圖(tú)2所示，該互(hù)感器(qì)具(jù)備以下幾個(gè)優點(diǎn)：

  Open type current transformer will have no signal and other problems if it is artificially opened twice after installation.

  AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer can solve the above problems. This transformer has a beautiful appearance and is easy and simple to install and maintain. As shown in Figure 2, the transformer has the following advantages.

  （1）AKH-0.66/K-SW係(xì)列(liè)電流互(hù)感(gǎn)器(qì)，安(ān)裝時無(wú)需將(jiāng)電(diàn)斷(duàn)開(kāi)，可以帶電操作，閉合(hé)直(zhí)接使(shǐ)用(yòng)即(jí)可現(xiàn)場(cháng)安(ān)裝簡便(biàn)，減少人力成本；

  AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, installation without disconnecting the electricity, you can operate with electricity, close the direct use of the site installation is simple, reducing labor costs.

  （2）AKH-0.66/K-SW係列電(diàn)流互感(gǎn)器(qì)，在該模塊(kuài)有(yǒu)4根(gēn)引綫，兩(liǎng)根傳輸電(diàn)流信(xìn)號(hào)，兩(liǎng)根(gēn)傳輸(shū)開關量(liáng)信(xìn)號；

  AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, there are four leads in the module, two to transmit the current signal, two to transmit the switching signal.

  （3）AKH-0.66/K-SW係列(liè)電(diàn)流互(hù)感(gǎn)器，當(dāng)卡扣沒卡好(hǎo)或是互(hù)感器老(lǎo)化(huà)導致殼(ké)體破裂(liè)，上下(xià)殼(ké)體彈(dàn)開(kāi)，鐵芯(xīn)接觸不(bù)良(liáng)，卡在(zài)互(hù)感器(qì)下殼體(tǐ)的(dí)開關凸(tū)起按鈕就會(huì)向(xiàng)上彈出(chū)，開關(guān)斷開，開(kāi)關(guān)量信號(hào)終止傳輸，起到提(tí)示(shì)開(kāi)口式(shì)低壓互(hù)感器停(tíng)止工作的(dí)作用。

  AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformers, when the buckle is not locked or the transformer is aging, the casing is broken, the upper and lower casings pop open, the iron core is in poor contact, and the switch stuck on the lower casing of the transformer protrudes The button will pop up, the switch will be disconnected, and the switching signal will terminate the transmission, which will prompt the open-type low-voltage transformer to stop working.

  （4）AKH-0.66/K-SW係(xì)列電流(liú)互(hù)感器，上下殼體帶(dài)有鉛封(fēng)孔(kǒng)，一旦(dàn)安裝完畢立(lì)即進(jìn)行(háng)鉛(qiān)封。

  AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, the upper and lower shells with lead seal holes, once the installation is completed immediately lead seal.

  4.參數對照(zhào)表(biǎo)Parameter comparison table

  4.結(jié)束語Conclusion

  AKH-0.66/K-SW係(xì)列電流(liú)互感(gǎn)器的出(chū)現(xiàn)，具(jù)備異常(cháng)打開(kāi)報警(jǐng)，停上電事(shì)件(jiàn)上報等功能，同時(shí)也為企業降低了(liǎo)人力(lì)物力成本(běn)，由於市(shì)場巨大，一旦(dàn)形成生產能力(lì)，也可帶(dài)動其他(tā)行(háng)業(yè)的(dí)飛速發展。

  The emergence of AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, with abnormal open alarm, stop on the power event reporting and other functions, but also for the enterprise to reduce the cost of human and material resources, due to the huge market, once the formation of production capacity, but also can drive the rapid development of other industries.