安科(kē)瑞 陳聰

Application of ASJ Residual Current Relay in a Generator Set Project in Maldives 

摘(zhāi)要：分析(xī)了剩(shèng)餘電流繼(jì)電(diàn)器的必(bì)要(yào)性(xìng)，介紹(shào)了(liǎo)ASJ剩(shèng)餘電(diàn)流繼(jì)電器的主(zhǔ)要功能，工(gōng)作原理(lǐ)，分(fēn)類情(qíng)況和(hé)提(tí)出了在選擇剩餘(yú)電流保(bǎo)護(hù)斷路器(qì)時的原則(zé)和注意(yì)事(shì)項(xiàng)。現(xiàn)就(jiù)馬爾代夫某發電(diàn)機組(zǔ)項(xiàng)目加裝(zhuāng)我司剩餘(yú)電流(liú)繼(jì)電(diàn)器做一簡要介紹。

Abstract: the necessity of applying residual current, the main functions, working principle, classification situation of ASJ residual current relay are introduced, and the principles and precautions in selecting residual current protection circuit breaker are indicated. This is a brief introduction about the addition of our company application of ASJ residual current relay in a generator set project in Maldives.

關鍵(jiàn)詞(cí)：ASJ剩餘電流繼電器(qì)；發電機組；應用。

Keywords: ASJ residual current relay; generator set; application.

1.項(xiàng)目概(gài)述 Project overview

本項(xiàng)目位於馬爾代夫，安裝剩餘電流繼(jì)電(diàn)器(qì)是為了(liǎo)檢測剩餘(yú)電流(liú)，將(jiāng)剩(shèng)餘電(diàn)流值與(yǔ)基準(zhǔn)值(zhí)相比較(jiào)，當(dāng)剩(shèng)餘電流值超過基準(zhǔn)值時，發出(chū)一個機械開閉(bì)信號(hào)（使(shǐ)機(jī)械開(kāi)關(guān)電(diàn)器脫(tuō)扣(kòu)或聲光(guāng)報警(jǐng)裝置發(fā)出(chū)報警）。剩餘(yú)電流繼電(diàn)器(qì)通(tōng)常與低壓斷路器或低壓接觸器等組成(chéng)組合式剩餘(yú)電(diàn)流保護(hù)裝(zhuāng)置(zhì)，主要(yào)適用於(yú)交流50Hz，額(é)定電(diàn)壓400V及(jí)以下的(dí)TT和(hé)TN係(xì)統配(pèi)電(diàn)綫路，用來(lái)對(duì)電氣綫(xiàn)路進(jìn)行(háng)接地(dì)故障保(bǎo)護(hù)，防止(zhǐ)接(jiē)地故障電流引(yǐn)起的設備損壞和電(diàn)氣火災(zāi)事故(gù)，也可用(yòng)來對人身觸電危險(xiǎn)提供間(jiān)接接觸(chù)保(bǎo)護，因(yīn)而低壓(yā)供配電(diàn)係統(tǒng)中廣泛(fàn)應(yīng)用(yòng)。

This project is located in Maldives. The purpose of the residual current relay installed is to detect the residual current and compare the residual current value with the base value. When the residual current value exceeds the base value, it will send out a mechanical on-off signal (to make the mechanical switch tripped or the acousto-optic alarm device send out an alarm).Residual current relay usually with low voltage circuit breaker or low voltage contactor, etc combined residual current protection device, mainly applied to ac 50 hz, rated voltage 400 v and below the TT and TN system distribution circuit, used to ground fault protection electric circuit, prevent equipment damage caused by ground fault current and electrical fire accident, also can be used to provide indirect contact to person get an electric shock risk protection, and therefore is widely used in low voltage power supply and distribution system.

2.剩(shèng)餘電(diàn)流繼(jì)電(diàn)器主(zhǔ)要(yào)用途(tú) Main uses of residual current relay

2.1 間接(jiē)接觸電(diàn)擊保護 Protection of Indirect Contact Electric Shock 
間(jiān)接接觸(chù)電擊(jī)保(bǎo)護的措(cuò)施是(shì)自動切斷(duàn)電(diàn)源(yuán)。GB 13955“對間接(jiē)接(jiē)觸電(diàn)擊事故(gù)的(dí)防(fáng)護"規定：“間接(jiē)接(jiē)觸電(diàn)擊(jī)事(shì)故(gù)防(fáng)護的主(zhǔ)要措施是(shì)采用(yòng)自動切斷電源的保護方(fāng)式，以(yǐ)防(fáng)止由於電(diàn)氣(qì)設備絕緣損壞發生(shēng)損(sǔn)壞(huài)事(shì)故。當(dāng)電(diàn)路發(fā)生(shēng)絕(jué)緣損壞(huài)造成接(jiē)地(dì)故障(zhàng)。其故(gù)障電流值小(xiǎo)於(yú)過電流保護裝置的動(dòng)作電流值(zhí)時，應安裝(zhuāng)剩(shèng)餘電(diàn)流保(bǎo)護裝置。"研(yán)究(jiū)表明(míng)，人體(tǐ)接(jiē)觸電壓的(dí)安全值為 50 V。為保證(zhèng)人(rén)身(shēn)安(ān)全，電(diàn)氣(qì)裝(zhuāng)置(zhì)的任何部分(fēn)發生絕(jué)緣(yuán)故(gù)障(zhàng)時，一旦接(jiē)觸電壓超過(guò) 50 V 時(shí)，需(xū)要在(zài)規(guī)定的時間(jiān)內自動切斷故(gù)障(zhàng)部(bù)分電源(yuán)。過電(diàn)流(liú)保護裝置受(shòu)電(diàn)氣綫路(lù)和(hé)設備及(jí)自身動(dòng)作值(zhí)限(xiàn)製，不能自(zì)動切斷(duàn)電(diàn)源。剩餘電(diàn)流保(bǎo)護(hù)裝(zhuāng)置(zhì)不(bù)受(shòu)負(fù)荷(hé)電流(liú)影響，可與過電(diàn)流(liú)保護(hù)裝(zhuāng)置(zhì)配(pèi)合(hé)使(shǐ)用，作間接(jiē)接觸(chù)電擊保護 。

The measure of indirect contact electric shock protection is to automatically cut off the power supply. GB 13955" the protection of indirect contact electric shock accident "stipulates :" the main measure of indirect contact electric shock accident protection is to adopt the protection mode of automatically cutting off the power supply to prevent the damage accident caused by the insulation damage of electrical equipment. When the circuit insulation damage caused by grounding fault. When the fault current value is less than the operating current value of the over-current protection device, the residual current protection device shall be installed ." According to the research, the safe value of contact voltage is 50V. For personal safety, when insulation failure occurs in any part of the electrical device, once the contact voltage exceeds 50V, it is necessary to automatically cut off the fault part of the power supply within the specified time. The over-current protection device is limited by the electrical circuit and equipment and its own action value, and can not automatically cut off the power supply. The residual current protection device is not affected by the load current and can be used in conjunction with the over-current protection device for indirect contact electric shock protection.

2.2 接(jiē)地故障(zhàng)保護 Ground fault protection
接地(dì)是帶電導(dǎo)體(tǐ)和(hé)大(dà)地(dì)，接地(dì)的金(jīn)屬(shǔ)外殼(ké)或與地有聯係(xì)的構件(jiàn)之(zhī)間(jiān)的(dí)接觸(chù)，其故(gù)障(zhàng)可(kě)能導致人身電(diàn)擊(jī)傷(shāng)亡和設(shè)備損壞，嚴(yán)重時(shí)可(kě)能(néng)引發電氣火災(zāi)。接地(dì)故障(zhàng)保護(hù)過去通常采用(yòng)過(guò)電(diàn)流保(bǎo)護裝置(zhì)進行保護，當接地故障電(diàn)流大於過電(diàn)流保護(hù)裝(zhuāng)置定值時，由(yóu)過電(diàn)流(liú)保護(hù)裝置(zhì)切(qiē)斷(duàn)故障電路。

TT係統中額(é)定(dìng)電流(liú)較(jiào)大，配電綫路(lù)較長的(dí)綫路(lù)，TN係統(tǒng)中帶電導綫落(là)地(dì)接地故(gù)障(zhàng)，不安全的金屬性(xìng)接地故障，電(diàn)弧性接地(dì)故(gù)障時，都有可(kě)能出現(xiàn)接(jiē)地故障(zhàng)電(diàn)流小於過(guò)電流保(bǎo)護(hù)動(dòng)作(zuò)整(zhěng)定電流，過(guò)電流(liú)保護(hù)裝置不(bù)動作(zuò)的情況。剩餘(yú)電流保護(hù)裝置(zhì)，或帶(dài)接(jiē)地(dì)故障保(bǎo)護(hù)的斷路(lù)器(qì)，能可(kě)靠(kào)地進行(háng)接地(dì)故(gù)障保護(hù)。

Grounding is the contact between a live conductor and the earth, a grounded metal shell or a component connected to the ground. Its failure may lead to personal electric shock casualties and equipment damage, and may cause electrical fire in serious cases. Ground fault protection used to be protected by over-current protection device. When the grounding fault current is greater than the fixed value of the over-current protection device, the fault circuit is cut off by the over-current protection device.

In TT system, the line with larger rated current and longer distribution line, grounding fault of live conductor, unsafe metallic grounding fault and arc grounding fault in TN system may occur that the grounding fault current is less than the setting current of over-current protection action, and the over-current protection device does not act. Residual current protection device, or circuit breaker with ground fault protection, can reliably carry out ground fault protection.

2.3 電氣火(huǒ)災保護 Electrical fire protection
電(diàn)氣火災(zāi)通常由電氣短路引起(qǐ)，電氣(qì)短路包(bāo)括金屬性(xìng)短路和電弧性(xìng)短路。前者是帶(dài)電導(dǎo)體間(jiān)（如相與相之(zhī)間，相與 N 綫(xiàn)之間(jiān)）短路(lù)，多以高溫熔焊金(jīn)屬(shǔ)為通(tōng)路，故障電流(liú)以(yǐ)千(qiān)安計(jì)，高溫(wēn)易(yì)使絕(jué)緣氧化而自(zì)燃，火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)雖大(dà)，但(dàn)可用帶短路(lù)保(bǎo)護(hù)的斷路器和熔(róng)斷器(qì)保(bǎo)護(hù)，由斷(duàn)路器瞬(shùn)時動(dòng)作切(qiē)斷(duàn)電源，避免(miǎn)火災。後者是帶電導體對(duì)地(dì)短路(lù)，多以電弧(hú)為通路，故(gù)障電(diàn)流雖小(xiǎo)，但一方(fāng)麵電弧(hú)長(cháng)時(shí)間(jiān)延續(xù)，局(jú)部(bù)溫度高，很(hěn)容易(yì)點(diǎn)燃(rán)周邊(biān)可燃物質，引發火災；另一方(fāng)麵，又(yòu)不(bù)足以使一般斷(duàn)路(lù)器動(dòng)作跳(tiào)閘切斷電(diàn)源。所(suǒ)以電(diàn)弧(hú)性短路(lù)引(yǐn)起(qǐ)火災危險(xiǎn)遠(yuǎn)大(dà)於(yú)金屬性短路(lù)。帶剩餘電流動(dòng)作保(bǎo)護功(gōng)能(néng)的(dí)斷路器(qì)可在過電流保(bǎo)護(hù)裝置不動(dòng)作的情況下切斷保障電路，防止(zhǐ)電(diàn)弧性短路引發(fā)的電氣(qì)火災(zāi)。

Electrical fire is usually caused by electrical short circuit, which includes metal short circuit and arc short circuit. The former is a short circuit between live conductors (such as between phases, between phases and N lines). The fault current is calculated in kilo ampere. High temperature is easy to cause insulation oxidation and spontaneous combustion.

Although the fire hazard is great, it can be protected by circuit breakers and fuses with short circuit protection, and the power supply is cut off by instantaneous action of circuit breaker to avoid fire. The latter is a live conductor short circuit to the ground, mostly arc as the path, although the fault current is small, but on the one hand, the arc lasts for a long time, the local temperature is high, it is easy to ignite the surrounding combustible material and cause fire. Therefore, the fire hazard caused by arc short circuit is much greater than that of metal short circuit. The circuit breaker with residual current action protection function can cut off the support circuit without the operation of the over-current protection device to prevent the electrical fire caused by the arc short circuit.

3.ASJ係列剩(shèng)餘電流繼(jì)電器 ASJ Series of Residual Current Relay

3.1 型號(hào)和功能  Model & Function

3.2 技術(shù)參數 Technical Parameters

3.3 典型應用示意(yì)圖 Typical Application Schematic

4.剩餘電流繼(jì)電(diàn)器(qì)在發(fā)電機組項(xiàng)目現場安(ān)裝圖(tú)片 Pictures of the installation of the residual current relay on the generator set project site

5.小(xiǎo)結 Summary

安科(kē)瑞(ruì)電氣的(dí)ASJ係列(liè)剩餘(yú)電(diàn)流繼(jì)電(diàn)器(qì)自推出(chū)以來(lái)，在(zài)工業，民(mín)用，地(dì)鐵(tiě)，智(zhì)能建(jiàn)築(zhù)等多種(zhǒng)場(cháng)合應(yīng)用，起(qǐ)到(dào)了較好(hǎo)的保(bǎo)護效果，值(zhí)得推廣使用。

Acrel ASJ series of residual current relays have been applied in many occasions, such as industry, civil, subway, intelligent building and so on, which has played a good protective effect and is worth promotional use.

參考(kǎo)文(wén)獻 Bibliography

1.Solutions for enterprise micro-grid system